Is it Attention Deficit Disorder or is it Tourettes Syndrome?

During the assessment process it is of greatbe ADHD, but rather a head injury.
importance for the physician or clinician to consider
other possible causes of inattention, impulsivity, orMark my words, in the next five years you will see
hyperactivity in your child (or teen, or yourself). Inlots of research showing that playing soccer causes
fact, this is probably the most important element ofminor head injuries from "heading" the ball. A brain
a good assessment. There are several possibleresearcher friend of mine has seen this several times
causes of these behaviors, especially in children, andnow in treating soccer players (professional and
the clinician must have great certainty that thesecollegiate) for memory problems and other cognitive
other possible causes have been ruled out beforeproblems.
giving the label of "Attention Deficit Hyperactivity
Disorder" to your child.Every once in a while we see someone who has
been exposed to toxins come down with cognitive
One of the first things to have ruled out is a thyroidproblems. We live one of the biggest agricultural
problem. Only MD's can do this, so off they go for aareas in the world, and sometimes people get
physical. This is not a common problem, but it doessprayed by chemicals, or get exposed to pesticides
happen, even in children. Thyroid problems can causeother ways. This can result in all kinds of neurological
inattention, learning problems, even hyperactivity andproblems.
impulsivity in some. Once that has been ruled out by
the doctor, then other environmental or emotionalTourette's Syndrome is also commonly misdiagnosed
causes of inattention, impulsivity, or hyperactivityas ADHD. Think of it as basically ADHD with tics, and
need to be ruled out.it is a close genetic cousin to ADHD. But it is
important to know the difference, as the treatment
Depression in children often causes inattention, as infor ADHD is often stimulants, and sometimes
adults, and also often causes impulsivity and irritabilitystimulant medications can make Tourette's worse.
and excessive restlessness or agitation. AnxietyYou can learn a great deal about Tourette's
disorders in children can result in agitation, impulsivity,Syndrome in a great book by David Comings, MD,
hyper- vigilance, motor restlessness, and excessivetitled, "Tourette Syndrome and Human Behavior." It
startle responses, as well as inattention to task.should be available through your library.
Significant emotional traumas can also result in these
behaviors. Physical or sexual abuse, divorce or otherWhat are the major things to look for then? The big
significant loss, or the death of a loved one.clue is in knowing whether the target behaviors
(inattention, or impulsivity, or hyperactivity) have
Physical traumas can also cause the same behaviorsalways been apparent to some degree or other, or if
as ADHD, such as a minor head injury from an autothey just started one day. And if they just "started
accident, sports injury, falling as a child, and so on. Forone day," then did they start as the result of some
example, one of my "ADHD" kids, who wasevent (traumatic or environmental) ?
extremely hyperactive and also very oppositional and
at times violent toward others, took part in one ofADHD is usually "always there" while the other things
our research projects. As part of the study we "braintend to have a starting date. Tourette's is the
mapped" him (QEEG) at the onset of the study. Weexception, as sometimes it has "always been there,"
saw two small head injuries in the back of the headand sometimes it has a starting date. Realistically, if it
and one big injury in the front of the head.looks like ADHD, then it probably is, but as a clinician
the other possibilities must always be ruled out
The frontal problem was expected, but the problemsbefore making a diagnosis and developing a
in the back of the head were not. I simply asked thetreatment plan. Information on the different types of
parents, "When did he bash the back of his head?"ADHD and specific treatment recommendations is
They thought for a minute and remembered thatavailable at the ADHD Information Library.Douglas
when he was about six weeks old he had fallen outCowan, Psy.D., is a family therapist who has been
of his crib onto a hard flood so hard that they had toworking with ADHD children and their families since
call an ambulance to take him to the hospital. They1986. He is the clinical director of the ADHD
had forgotten about the incident during the clinicalInformation Library's family of seven web sites,
interview, but the mapping showed a clear problem.including helping over 350,000 parents and teachers
He fell on the back of the head, causing thoselearn more about ADHD each year. Dr. Cowan also
injuries, and the brain "sloshed" forward causing theserves on the Medical Advisory Board of VAXA
frontal injuries. These injuries have resulted in a lackInternational of Tampa, FL., is President of the Board
of inhibition and cortical control, temper outbursts,of Directors for KAXL 88.3 FM in central California,
and learning problems. The diagnosis here would notand is President of NewIdeas.net Incorporated.